Research

I am a passionate educator and clinical researcher and an Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer at Imperial College London. My research interests lie in cardiothoracic imaging and interventional radiology.  This work was acknowledged with a Laing Buisson Healthcare Outcomes award in 2022, a Radiologic Society of North America Roentgen Fellow Research Award in 2013 and a Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland medal in January 2018. My research has focused on advancing thoracic imaging, intervention, and the understanding of pulmonary vascular disease. I have demonstrated the safety of short-term follow-up CT in lung cancer screening, explored the link between pulmonary microvascular blood volume and emphysema, and defined best practice in image-guided lung biopsy. I have also investigated discrepancies between vendor-predicted and achieved lung ablation zones, reviewed evidence for percutaneous ablation, and shown the value of radiomics in small nodule classification. During the COVID-19 pandemic, I quantified pulmonary vasculopathy using dual-energy CT and linked impaired gas transfer with perfusion defects, while also improving screening services.

My body of work reflects my passion for investigation, learning and task completion.  I enjoy mentoring radiology and cardiology trainees and pursuing my research interests through clinical expertise and innovation.

Peer Reviewed Publications

2025

  • Bartlett EC, Chan L, Garner J, Desai SR, Kemp SV, Padley S, Rawal B, Ridge CA, Addis J, Devaraj A. Evaluation of the safety of short-term follow-up CT for the management of consolidation in lung cancer screening. Eur Radiol. 2025 May 2.

  • Bailey G, Ridge CA. Pulmonary microvascular blood volume and emphysema: in vivo link shown in the MESA cohort. Thorax. 2025 Apr 15;80(5):271-272.

2024

  • Okafor J, Thomson H, Ridge C, Lloyd G, Jakaj G, Prendergast B, Wendler O. Porcelain Aorta and Radiation-Induced Mitral Annular Calcification Are Not Contraindications to Surgery. JACC Case Rep. 2024 Dec 4;30(2):102725.

  • Khajeh A, Shah R, Ridge CA. Enhanced recovery using lung tumour thermal ablation in scleroderma associated interstitial lung disease. J Scleroderma Relat Disord. 2024 Dec 11.

  • Tárnoki DL, Karlinger K, Ridge CA, Kiss FJ, Györke T, Grabczak EM, Tárnoki ÁD. Lung imaging methods: indications, strengths and limitations. Breathe (Sheff). 2024 Oct 1;20(3):230127.

  • Khajeh A, Kilic Y, Shah R, Padley SP, Ridge CA. Letter to the Editor. J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Nov;23(6):1199.

  • Svab S, Ridge C, Fraisse A, Gatzoulis MA, Montanaro C, Hoschtitzky A, Kempny A. Transhepatic implantation of a 23-mm balloon-expandable valve in pulmonary position in an adult patient. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2024 Aug 12;17(15):1843-1845.

  • Shah R, Sun L, Ridge CA. Image guided lung biopsy. Lung Cancer. 2024 Jun;192:107803.

  • Xu Y, Padley SPG, Devaraj A, Desai SR, Ridge CA. Discrepancy between achieved and vendor-predicted ablation zones in the lung: contributing factors. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2024 May;47(5):613-620.

2023

  • Hunter B, Argyros C, Inglese M, Linton-Reid K, Pulzato I, Nicholson AG, Kemp SV, L Shah P, Molyneaux PL, McNamara C, Burn T, Guilhem E, Mestas Nuñez M, Hine J, Choraria A, Ratnakumar P, Bloch S, Jordan S, Padley S, Ridge CA, Robinson G, Robbie H, Barnett J, Silva M, Desai S, Lee RW, Aboagye EO, Devaraj A. Radiomics-based decision support tool assists radiologists in small lung nodule classification and improves lung cancer early diagnosis. Br J Cancer. 2023 Dec;129(12):1949-1955.

  • Garfield BE, Bianchi P, Arachchillage DJ, Caetano F, Desai S, Doyle J, Hernandez Caballero C, Doyle AM, Mehta S, Law A, Jaggar S, Kokosi M, Molyneaux PL, Passariello M, Naja M, Ridge C, Alçada J, Patel B, Singh S, Ledot S. A comparison of long-term outcomes in patients managed with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. Crit Care Med. 2023 Aug;51(8):1064-1073.

  • Dintakurti SH, Kamath S, Mahon C, Singh S, Rawal B, Padley SPG, Devaraj A, Price LC, Desai SR, Semple T, Ridge CA. Pulmonary hypertension: the hallmark of acute COVID-19 microvascular angiopathy? ERJ Open Res. 2023 Feb 6;9(1):00389-2022.

  • Bartlett EC, Rahman S, Ridge CA. Percutaneous image-guided thermal ablation of lung cancer: what is the evidence? Lung Cancer. 2023 Feb;176:14-23.

  • Sheeka A, Singaravelou A, Bartlett E, Sivarasan N, Rawal B, Devaraj A, Desai S, Padley S, Ridge CA. COVID-protected pathways for image-guided lung cancer intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cohort study. Br J Radiol. 2023 Jan 1;96(1141):20220191.

  • Jeyin N, Desai SR, Padley SPG, Wechalekar K, Gregg S, Sousa T, Shah PL, Allinson JP, Hopkinson NS, Begum S, Jordan S, Kemp SV, Ridge CA. Dual-energy computed tomographic pulmonary angiography accurately estimates lobar perfusion before lung volume reduction for severe emphysema. J Thorac Imaging. 2023 Mar 1;38(2):104-112.

2022

  • Price LC, Garfield B, Bloom C, Jeyin N, Nissan D, Hull JH, Patel B, Jenkins G, Padley S, Man W, Singh S, Ridge CA. Persistent isolated impairment of gas transfer following COVID-19 pneumonitis relates to perfusion defects on dual-energy computed tomography. ERJ Open Res. 2022 Nov 28;8(4):00224-2022.

  • McFadyen C, Garfield B, Mancio J, Ridge CA, Semple T, Keeling A, Ledot S, Patel B, Samaranayake CB, McCabe C, Wort SJ, Price S, Price LC. Use of sildenafil in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonitis. Br J Anaesth. 2022 Jul;129(1):e18-e21.

2021

  • Al-Sakini N, Seitler S, Ridge CA, Nicholas V, Dias B, Froneman C, Gatzoulis MA. Paradoxical embolization secondary to acquired veno-venous malformations. Eur Heart J Case Rep. 2021 May 30;5(6):ytab136.

  • Singh S, Gorog DA, Mahon CF, Rawal B, Semple TR, Nicol ED, Arachchillage DRJ, Price S, Desai S, Ridge CA, Padley SPG, Mirsadraee S. The authors reply. Crit Care Med. 2021 Nov 1;49(11):e1190-e1191.

  • Price LC, Ridge C, Wells AU. Pulmonary vascular involvement in COVID-19 pneumonitis: is this the first and final insult? Respirology. 2021 Sep;26(9):832-834.

  • Bartlett EC, Belsey J, Derbyshire J, Morris K, Chen M, Addis J, Martins M, Ridge CA, Desai SR, Mirsadraee S, Padley S, Whiteside S, Vaghani P, Morjaria JB, Kemp SV, Devaraj A. Implications of incidental findings from lung screening for primary care: data from a UK pilot. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2021 Jun 7;31(1):36.

  • Mirsadraee S, Gorog DA, Mahon CF, Rawal B, Semple TR, Nicol ED, Arachchillage DRJ, Devaraj A, Price S, Desai SR, Ridge CA, Singh S, Padley SPG. Prevalence of thrombotic complications in ICU-treated patients with coronavirus disease 2019 detected with systematic CT scanning. Crit Care Med. 2021 May 1;49(5):804-815.

  • Kirkbride RR, Rawal B, Mirsadraee S, Galperin-Aizenberg M, Wechalekar K, Ridge CA, Litmanovich DE. Imaging of cardiac infections: a comprehensive review and investigation flowchart for diagnostic workup. J Thorac Imaging. 2021 Sep 1;36(5):W70-W88.

2020 and earlier

  • Ridge CA, Desai SR, Jeyin N, Mahon C, Lother DL, Mirsadraee S, Semple T, Price S, Bleakley C, Arachchillage DJ, Shaw E, Patel BV, Padley SP, Devaraj A. Dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography quantifies vasculopathy in severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2020 Oct 29;2(5):e200428.

  • Castro-Verdes M, Gkouma A, Wort J, Ridge C, Mirsadraee S, Padley S, Sheikh A, Singh S. COVID-19 in situ arterial and venous thrombosis in critically ill patients: a case series. Eur Heart J Case Rep. 2020 Dec 12;4(6):1-7.

  • Price LC, Garfield B, Bleakley C, Keeling AGM, Mcfadyen C, McCabe C, Ridge CA, Wort SJ, Price S, Arachchillage DJ. Rescue therapy with thrombolysis in patients with severe COVID-19-associated ARDS. Pulm Circ. 2020 Dec 15;10(4):2045894020973906.

  • Arachchillage DJ, Desai SR, Devaraj A, Ridge CA, Padley SPG, Patel BV. Reply to Sanfilippo et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 Jan 15;203(2):261-263.

  • Padley GJ, Desai SS, Weaver C, Price LC, Arachchillage DJ, Ridge CA. Catheter-directed thrombolysis in a patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2020 Oct;46(7):850-852.

  • Bartlett EC, Kemp SV, Ridge CA, Desai SR, Mirsadraee S, Morjaria JB, Shah PL, Popat S, Nicholson AG, Rice AJ, Jordan S, Begum S, Mani A, Derbyshire J, Morris K, Chen M, Peacock C, Addis J, Martins M, Kaye SB, Padley SPG, Devaraj A; West London Lung Screening Collaboration Group. Baseline results of the West London lung cancer screening pilot study. Lung Cancer. 2020 Oct;148:12-19.

  • Patel BV, Arachchillage DJ, Ridge CA, Bianchi P, Doyle JF, Garfield B, Ledot S, Morgan C, Passariello M, Price S, Singh S, Thakuria L, Trenfield R, Trimlett R, Weaver C, Wort SJ, Xu T, Padley SPG, Devaraj A, Desai SR. Pulmonary angiopathy in severe COVID-19: physiologic, imaging, and hematologic observations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 Sep 1;202(5):690-699.

2019

  • Shen M, Tenda ED, McNulty W, Garner J, Robbie H, Luzzi V, Aboelhassan AM, Van Geffen WH, Kemp SV, Ridge C, Devaraj A, Shah PL, Yang GZ. Quantitative evaluation of lobar pulmonary function of emphysema patients with endobronchial coils. Respiration. 2019;98(1):70-81.

  • Tenda ED, Ridge CA, Shen M, Yang GZ, Shah PL. Role of quantitative computed tomographic scan analysis in lung volume reduction for emphysema. Respiration. 2019;98(1):86-94.

  • Cullivan S, Redmond K, Ridge C, O'Connell OJ. Interventional procedures in patients with pulmonary vascular obstruction. Ann Thorac Surg. 2019 Jan;107(1):e9-e11.

2018

  • Lim W, Ridge CA, Nicholson AG, Mirsadraee S. The 8th lung cancer TNM classification and clinical staging system: review of the changes and clinical implications. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2018 Aug;8(7):709-718.

  • Buckley BW, Daly L, Allen GN, Ridge CA. Recall of structured radiology reports is significantly superior to that of unstructured reports. Br J Radiol. 2018 Feb;91(1083):20170670.

  • Gao S, Stein S, Petre EN, Shady W, Durack JC, Ridge C, Adusumilli P, Rekhtman N, Solomon SB, Ziv E. Micropapillary and/or solid histologic subtype based on pre-treatment biopsy predicts local recurrence after thermal ablation of lung adenocarcinoma. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2018 Feb;41(2):253-259.

2017

  • Gao S, Stein S, Petre EN, Shady W, Durack JC, Ridge C, Adusumilli PS, Rekhtman N, Solomon SB, Ziv E. Erratum to: Micropapillary and/or solid histologic subtype based on pre-treatment biopsy predicts local recurrence after thermal ablation of lung adenocarcinoma. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2017 Oct;40(10):1658.

  • Ridge CA, Litmanovich D, Eisenberg RL. Cardiac infections. Semin Roentgenol. 2017 Jan;52(1):43-48.

  • Miller MM, Ridge CA, Litmanovich DE. Computed tomographic angiographic assessment of acute chest pain. J Thorac Imaging. 2017 May;32(3):137-150.

  • Gillespie CD, O'Reilly MK, Allen GN, McDermott S, Chan VO, Ridge CA. Imaging the abdominal manifestations of cystic fibrosis. Int J Hepatol. 2017;2017:5128760.

  • Allen GN, Buckley BW, Conroy DM, Lundon DJ, MacMathuna P, O'Malley K, Lawler LP, Ridge CA. Water-enhanced antegrade MR pyelography in pregnancy: a novel radiation-free approach. Eur Radiol Exp. 2017;1(1):19.

  • Mitchell DP, Rowan M, Loughman E, Ridge CA, MacMahon PJ. Contrast monitoring techniques in CT pulmonary angiography: an important and underappreciated contributor to breast dose. Eur J Radiol. 2017 Jan;86:184-189.

2016

  • Dempsey PJ, Ridge CA, Solomon SB. Advances in interventional oncology: lung cancer. Cancer J. 2016 Nov/Dec;22(6):393-400.

  • Ridge CA, Boiselle PM. Optimizing the lung cancer screening interval: the world is waiting. J Thorac Dis. 2016 Oct;8(10):E1369-E1370.

  • O'Leary CN, Ryan JW, Corbett G, Ridge CA. Barotrauma induced tracheal diverticulum rupture: imaging findings. BMJ Case Rep. 2016 Sep 27;2016:bcr2016217518.

  • Buckley B, Chan VO, Mitchell DP, McDermott S, Eisenberg RL, Heffernan EJ, Ridge CA. The clothes maketh the sign. Insights Imaging. 2016 Aug;7(4):629-640.

  • Bassuk SS, Manson JE, Lee IM, Cook NR, Christen WG, Bubes VY, Gordon DS, Copeland T, Friedenberg G, D'Agostino DM, Ridge CY, MacFadyen JG, Kalan K, Buring JE. Baseline characteristics of participants in the VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL). Contemp Clin Trials. 2016 Mar;47:235-243.

2015

  • Ridge CA, Solomon SB. Percutaneous ablation of colorectal lung metastases. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2015 Dec;6(6):685-692.

  • Ridge CA, Yildirim A, Boiselle PM, Franquet T, Schaefer-Prokop CM, Tack D, Gevenois PA, Bankier AA. Differentiating between subsolid and solid pulmonary nodules at CT: inter- and intraobserver agreement between experienced thoracic radiologists. Radiology. 2016 Mar;278(3):888-896.

  • Ridge CA, Litmanovich DE. Acute aortic syndromes: current status. J Thorac Imaging. 2015 May;30(3):193-201.

  • Kent MS, Ridge C, O'Dell D, Lo P, Whyte R, Gangadharan SP. The accuracy of computed tomography to predict completeness of pulmonary fissures. A prospective study. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2015 May;12(5):696-700.

  • Halpenny D, Ridge CA, Hayes S, Zheng J, Moskowitz CS, Rimner A, Ginsberg MS. Computed tomographic features predictive of local recurrence in patients with early stage lung cancer treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy. Clin Imaging. 2015 Mar-Apr;39(2):254-258.

2014

  • Li G, Schmidtlein CR, Burger IA, Ridge CA, Solomon SB, Humm JL. Assessing and accounting for the impact of respiratory motion on FDG uptake and viable volume for liver lesions in free-breathing PET. Med Phys. 2014 Sep;41(9):091905.

  • Ridge CA, Solomon SB, Thornton RH. Thermal ablation of stage I non-small cell lung carcinoma. Semin Intervent Radiol. 2014 Jun;31(2):118-124.

  • Ridge CA, Shia J, Gerst SR, Do RK. Sclerosed hemangioma of the liver: concordance of MRI features with histologic characteristics. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2014 Apr;39(4):812-818.

  • Ridge CA, Silk M, Petre EN, Erinjeri JP, Alago W, Downey RJ, Sofocleous CT, Thornton RH, Solomon SB. Radiofrequency ablation of T1 lung carcinoma: comparison of outcomes for first primary, metachronous, and synchronous lung tumors. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2014 Jul;25(7):989-996.

  • Ridge CA, Pua BB, Madoff DC. Epidemiology and staging of renal cell carcinoma. Semin Intervent Radiol. 2014 Mar;31(1):3-8.

2013

  • Ridge CA, McErlean AM, Ginsberg MS. Epidemiology of lung cancer. Semin Intervent Radiol. 2013 Jun;30(2):93-98.

  • Ridge CA, Hobbs BD, Bukoye BA, Aronson MD, Boiselle PM, Leffler DA, Sternberg SB, Roberts DH. Incidentally detected lung nodules: clinical predictors of adherence to Fleischner Society surveillance guidelines. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2014 Jan-Feb;38(1):89-95.

  • Ridge CA, Huang J, Cardoza S, Zabor EC, Moskowitz CS, Zakowski MF, Ginsberg MS. Comparison of multiplanar reformatted CT lung tumor measurements to axial tumor measurement alone. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2013 Nov;201(5):959-963.

  • Ridge CA, Litmanovich D, Bukoye BA, Lin PJ, Wilcox C, Boiselle PM, Bankier AA. Computed tomography angiography for suspected pulmonary embolism: comparison of 2 adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction blends to filtered back-projection alone. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2013 Sep-Oct;37(5):712-717.

  • Ridge CA, Litmanovich D, Molinari F, Bankier AA, Eisenberg RL. Radiographic evaluation of central venous catheter position: anatomic correlation using gated coronary computed tomographic angiography. J Thorac Imaging. 2013 Mar;28(2):129-133.

2012

  • O'Neill AC, McDermott S, Ridge CA, Keane D, Dodd JD. Investigation of cardiomyopathy using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging part 2: Rare phenotypes. World J Cardiol. 2012 May;4(5):173-182.

  • McDermott S, O'Neill AC, Ridge CA, Dodd JD. Investigation of cardiomyopathy using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging part 1: Common phenotypes. World J Cardiol. 2012 Apr;4(4):103-111.

  • Lee EY, Restrepo R, Dillman JR, Ridge CA, Hammer MR, Boiselle PM. Imaging evaluation of pediatric trachea and bronchi: systematic review and updates. Semin Roentgenol. 2012 Apr;47(2):182-196.

2011

  • Ridge CA, Bankier AA, Eisenberg RL. Mosaic attenuation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011 Dec;197(6):W970-977.

  • O'Neill AC, McCarthy C, Ridge CA, Mitchell P, Hanrahan E, Butler M, Keane MP, Dodd JD. Rapid needle-out patient-rollover time after percutaneous CT-guided transthoracic biopsy of lung nodules: effect on pneumothorax rate. Radiology. 2012 Jan;262(1):314-319.

  • Ridge CA, Mhuircheartaigh JN, Dodd JD, Skehan SJ. Pulmonary CT angiography protocol adapted to the hemodynamic effects of pregnancy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011 Nov;197(5):1058-1063.

  • Ridge CA, O'Donnell CR, Lee EY, Majid A, Boiselle PM. Tracheobronchomalacia: current concepts and controversies. J Thorac Imaging. 2011 Nov;26(4):278-289.

  • Ridge CA, Carter MR, Browne LP, Ryan R, Hegarty C, Schaffer K, Malone DE. CT colonography and transient bacteraemia: implications for antibiotic prophylaxis. Eur Radiol. 2011 Feb;21(2):360-365.

2010–2006

  • O'Neill AC, McDermott S, Ridge CA, McDonald K, Keane D, Dodd JD. Uncharted waters: rare and unclassified cardiomyopathies characterized on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Insights Imaging. 2010 Nov;1(5-6):293-308.

  • Freeman J, Dodd JD, Ridge CA, O'Neill A, McCreery C, Quinn M. "Porcelain heart" cardiomyopathy secondary to hyperparathyroidism. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2010 Nov-Dec;4(6):402-404.

  • Martos R, Ridge C, Quinn M, Dodd J. Cardiac carcinoid: tricuspid delayed hyperenhancement on cardiac CT and MRI. Ir J Med Sci. 2010 Sep;179(3):447-449.

  • Ridge CA, Killeen RP, Sheehan KM, Ryan R, Mulligan N, Luke D, Quinn M, Dodd JD. Giant right atrial myxoma: characterization with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Imaging. 2010 May-Jun;34(3):231-233.

  • O'Neill A, Ridge C, Cury RC, Quinn M, Keane D, Dodd JD. Detection of cardiac tumour-surface thrombus: utilization of cardiac MR avascular tissue nulling sequence. Eur Heart J. 2010 Jun;31(11):1421.

  • Ridge CA, McDermott S, Freyne BJ, Brennan DJ, Collins CD, Skehan SJ. Pulmonary embolism in pregnancy: comparison of pulmonary CT angiography and lung scintigraphy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2009 Nov;193(5):1223-1227.

  • Ridge C, Moktar A, Barry J, Murphy GM. Photochemotherapy and methotrexate used to treat generalized cutaneous scleroderma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2007 May;21(5):692-693.

  • Sheehan JJ, Ridge CA, Ward EV, Duffy GJ, Collins CD, Skehan SJ, Malone DE. FDG PET in preoperative assessment of colorectal liver metastases. Acad Radiol. 2007 Apr;14(4):389-397.

  • Sheehan JJ, Ridge CA, Ward EV, Duffy GJ, Collins CD, Skehan SJ, Malone DE. The process of evidence-based practice in radiology: an introduction. Acad Radiol. 2007 Apr;14(4):385-388.

  • Jackson N, Ridge CA, Delanty N. Imaging in patients with a first seizure. Ir Med J. 2006 Jun;99(6):173-175.

  • Ridge C, Geoghegan T, Govender P, McDermontt R, Torreggiani W. Giant oesophageal fibrovascular polyp. Eur Radiol. 2006 Mar;16(3):764-766.

Book Chapters

  1. Ridge CA, Padley SPG, Karunanithy N. Catheter directed thrombolysis vs mechanical thrombectomy? Emergent Pulmonary Embolism Management in Hospital Practice: From Hyperacute to Follow-up Care. 1st ed. World Scientific Publishing, 2022.

  2. Bezuidenhout F, Ridge CA, Litmanovich D. Lung. In: Lee E, Siewert B, Hunsaker A, eds. Computed Tomography with MRI Correlation. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2019.

  3. Ridge CA, Heidinger BH, Balikian JP, Litmanovich D. Chest radiographic examination. In: Irwin RS, Lilly CM, Mayo PH, Rippe JM, eds. Irwin and Rippe’s Intensive Care Medicine. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2018 (Chapter 179).

  4. Ridge CA, Solomon S. CT-guided Thoracic Intervention. In: Schoepf UJ, Meinel FG, eds. Multidetector-Row-CT of the Thorax. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2015 (pp 545–563).

  5. Ridge CA, Solomon S. Ablation Options for Localized Lung Cancer. In: Pass HI, ed. The IASLC Multidisciplinary Approach to Thoracic Oncology. 1st & 2nd ed. Aurora CO: International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, 2013 (pp 495–504).